Autowiring does not work in unit test

[j2james]

Hi all,

Can anybody help me?

I have the following exception when I run the test. It looks like Spring creates only the beans defined in xml configuration, but skips beans defined by @Component annotation.

ERROR  prepareTestInstance, Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@a46701] to prepare test instance [com.outstart.fc.dao.impl.QuestionDAOImplTest@166a22b]
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.outstart.fc.dao.impl.QuestionDAOImplTest': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.outstart.fc.dao.QuestionDAO com.outstart.fc.dao.impl.QuestionDAOImplTest.questionDAO; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.outstart.fc.dao.QuestionDAO] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:286)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1055)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:374)
	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:110)
	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:333)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:220)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:301)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:303)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
	at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
	at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:24)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:157)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:94)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:192)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:64)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:110)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.outstart.fc.dao.QuestionDAO com.outstart.fc.dao.impl.QuestionDAOImplTest.questionDAO; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.outstart.fc.dao.QuestionDAO] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:507)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:84)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:283)
	... 37 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.outstart.fc.dao.QuestionDAO] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:901)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:770)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:685)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:478)
	... 39 more

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:/META-INF/applicationContext*.xml")
@Transactional
public final class QuestionDAOImplTest {

	@Autowired
	private QuestionDAO questionDAO;

	@Test
	public void test_create_findById_delete() throws Exception {
		final Question question = new Question();
		question.setId(Long.MAX_VALUE);
		question.setName("[test] 2 * 2");
		question.setQuestionText("2 * 2 = ?");
		question.setAnswerType(AnswerType.COURSE_PROVIDED);
		question.setFeedbackTextCorrect("Correct");
		question.setFeedbackTextIncorrect("Incorrect");

		questionDAO.create(question);

		Question foundQuestion = questionDAO.findById(question.getId());
		assertNotNull(foundQuestion);

		assertEquals(question, foundQuestion);

		questionDAO.delete(question.getId());

		foundQuestion = questionDAO.findById(question.getId());
		assertNull(foundQuestion);
	}
}

public interface QuestionDAO extends GenericDAO<Question> {
}

@Component
public final class QuestionDAOImpl extends GenericDAOImpl<Question> implements QuestionDAO {
...
}

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
						   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
						   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
						   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

	<context:component-scan base-package="com.outstart.fc"/>

	<bean id="placeholderConfig"
		  class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
		<property name="location" value="classpath:/META-INF/build.properties"/>
	</bean>

	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driver}"/>
		<property name="url" value="${db.url}"/>
		<property name="username" value="${db.user}"/>
		<property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
	</bean>

	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
		<property name="schemaUpdate" value="false"/>
		<property name="annotatedPackages">
			<list>
				<value>com.outstart.fc.model</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="packagesToScan">
			<list>
				<value>com.outstart.fc.model</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				...
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
	</bean>

	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

	<bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor"/>

</beans>