Multiple Context Config files not working in Tomcat

**chichirico** · Jun 3rd, 2005, 05:16 PM

I'm trying to get Spring 1.2 configured with Tomcat 5.0.27 and I cannot seem to get mulitple context files working. I have 3 context files:
dataAccessContext.xml
applicationContext.xml
controller-servlet.xml

I define these in my web.xml file as:

Code:

<context-param>
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>	    
   <param-value>/WEB-INF/dataAccessContext.xml
                          /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml
                          /WEB-INF/controller-servlet.xml
   </param-value>
</context-param>

I also have defined the ContextLoaderListener in my web.xml as

Code:

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>context</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

While trying to access my MVC application I get errors saying that some of the objects should appear in the document

"nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: An element with the identifier "userDAO" must appear in the document."

I have my userDAO defined in my dataAccessContext.xml file and referenced in my applicationContext.xml file

I can get everything working if I mash it all into the controller-servlet.xml file but that is a huge mess. Does anyone have clues on what I'm doing wrong?

**katentim** · Jun 3rd, 2005, 06:50 PM

Can you post the relevant parts of the context files and the stack trace.

NB: Your controller context will be loaded automatically with the configuration below:

Code:

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>controller</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

See the ref. doc. for DispatcherServlet

**chichirico** · Jun 6th, 2005, 09:29 AM

web.xml snippet

Code:

<servlet>
<servlet-name>context</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>controller</servlet-name> 
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

dataAccessContext.xml

Code:

   
<bean id="transactionManager"      class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
      <property name="sessionFactory"><ref local="sessionFactory"/></property>
</bean>

<bean id="userDAO"     class="com.thoughtequity.refinery.integration.dao.hibernate.UserDAOHibernate">
      <property name="sessionFactory">
         <ref local="sessionFactory"/>
      </property>
</bean>

applicationContext.xml

Code:

	<bean id="baseTransactionProxy" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
		  abstract="true">
		<property name="transactionManager"><ref bean="transactionManager"/></property>
		<property name="transactionAttributes">
			<props>
				<prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
				<prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
				<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
	    

   <!-- User Service Business Object as an inner bean wrapped by an outer 
      - transactional proxy. 
	-->
   <bean id="userService"
      class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
      parent="baseTransactionProxy">
      <property name="target">
         <bean id="userServiceTarget" class="com.thoughtequity.refinery.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
           <property name="userDAO"><ref local="userDAO"/></property>
         </bean>      
      </property>
   </bean>

controller-servlet.xml

Code:

<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
   <property name="viewClass"><value>org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView</value></property>
   <property name="prefix"><value>/WEB-INF/jsp/spring/</value></property>
   <property name="suffix"><value>.jsp</value></property>
</bean>

<bean id="defaultHandlerMapping"    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
   

<bean name="/signon.do" class="com.thoughtequity.refinery.web.spring.SignonController">
   <property name="userService"><ref bean="userService"/></property>
</bean>

StackTrace (during Tomcat Startup)

Code:

08&#58;25&#58;07,145 ERROR DispatcherServlet&#58;227 - Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException&#58; Error creating bean with name '/signon.do' defined in ServletContext resource  /WEB-INF/controller-servlet.xml&#93;&#58; Can't resolve reference to bean 'userService' while setting property 'userService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDe
finitionException&#58; No bean named 'userService' is defined&#58; org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory defining beans &#91;viewResolver,defaultHandlerMapping,/signon.do,/signonForm.do&#93;; root of BeanFactory hierarchy
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException&#58; No bean named '
userService' is defined&#58; org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory defining beans viewResolver,defaultHandlerMapping,/signon.do,/signonForm.do&#93;; root of BeanFactory hierarchy

I have the UserService defined in my applicationContext.xml file and the reference to that in the contorller-servlet.xml file. Same error happens at a lower lever when the UserService Bean tries to access the UserDAO when the UserDAO is defined in the dataAccessContext.xml file. I have all my files in the WEB-INF directory and can't seem to figure out what is going wrong. Everything works file if I stick everything in the controller-servlet.xml file

**chichirico** · Jun 6th, 2005, 09:45 AM

I also have this defined in my web.xml. I forgot to add it on my last post

Code:

	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/dataAccessContext.xml, /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml, /WEB-INF/controller-servlet.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

The docs define you should use "...(using a comma as a delimiter) to support multiple contexts" but some of the examples don't use commas, instead they are just whitespace delimited. I've tried numerous variations and still had no luck.

**kuato** · Jun 7th, 2005, 10:21 AM

In your applicationContext.xml you are referencing the userDAO bean as local which will fail since it's defined in dataAccessContext.xml. Use <ref bean="userDAO" /> instead.

EDIT: Also noticed in your web.xml your ContextLoaderListener is defined as a servlet. If you are using an old container that doesn't support listeners then you need to use the ContextLoaderServlet. Otherwise use <listener> around your ContextLoaderListener. I.e:

For Servlet 2.3+ use:

<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListe ner
</listener-class>
</listener>

For Servlet 2.2 use

<servlet>
<servlet-name>context</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoade rServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

**chichirico** · Jun 7th, 2005, 11:33 AM

Thanks! That is a huge help and I'd have never recognized the local vs bean difference in the <ref> tag. Stupid cut/paste error

Is there any benefit to using local over bean when referencing beans?

**katentim** · Jun 7th, 2005, 05:34 PM

Is there any benefit to using local over bean when referencing beans?

It also allows the XML parser to validate the bean name earlier - at XML document parse time - to alert you to errors ASAP.

**shanmeiren** · Jan 8th, 2013, 04:05 AM

Originally Posted by katentim

It also allows the XML parser to validate the bean name earlier - at XML document parse time - to alert you to errors ASAP.

Hi all,

I got a quite strange problem,the same exception "An element
with the identifier..." when I deployed the web project to resin 3 (in-place), but when I deployed this project to resin 3, it was working fine!, could any people can help me on this? Thx a lot!
P.S. since the "<ref local='xxx'>" is working fine in resin 3, and there are a lot of <re local> in my project, so I don't want to change them to <ref bean>.

workFlowContext.xml

<bean id="workFlowContext" class="com.yan.workflow.WorkFlowContext">
<property name="workFlowDbSessionFactory" ref="workFlowDbSessionFactory" />
</bean>

SpringContext.xml
<bean id="subscrServiceTarget" class="com.yan.serviceimp.flow.archive.Subscrition ServiceImp">
<property name="subscrDao">
<ref local="subscrDao"/>
</property>
<property name="workFlowContext">
<ref local="workFlowContext"/>
</property>
</bean>

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