It's possible things will work, depending on which version of android on which you are running. However, Spring Framework was obviously not designed with that in mind. There are a number of classes and methods that are not available in Android, particularly older versions. The javax.xml package specifically comes to mind. Spring OXM isn't compatible, so we introduced support for the Simple XML library. The Http Components client was not available in Spring Framework when Spring Android was first released. Spring Framework now has support for the 4.1 client, but Android is still running on a version of 4.0, and there are some differences in the API. The Android team is progressing the standard J2SE facilities, but there are some features/bugs in Android that had to be addressed. Spring Framework does not support gzip encoding, which Spring for Android does. Lastly the dependency tree for Spring Framework can be quite large, and we wanted to eliminate as much of that as possible for use on Android, because many Android developers are not using Maven. This is just what I'm recalling quickly, so this list is not exhaustive. Hope that helps.
Roy Clarkson
Spring Mobile Projects Lead