Not out of the box.
When you set prevent-duplicates to true (or don't specify it at all), a CompositeFilteListFilter is created which contains (in your case), a SimplePatternFileListFilter and an AcceptOnceFileListFilter.
You can create your own CompositeFileListFilter, containing the SimplePatternFileListFilter and a custom 'PersistedAcceptOnceFileListFilter'. Instead of using filename-pattern and prevent-duplicates, pass your CompositeFileListFilter in via the filter attribute.
Gary P. Russell
Spring Integration Team
SpringSource, a division of VMware